Infographic: The Use of Heavy Fuel Oil in Arctic Shipping & Predominant Flag States in the Arctic
This infographic explores, how and where heavy fuel oil (HFO) is being used in the Arctic – and who is using it.
This infographic explores, how and where heavy fuel oil (HFO) is being used in the Arctic – and who is using it.
In April 2018, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) committed to develop a ban on HFO for use and carriage as fuel by ships in Arctic waters, on an appropriate timescale, on the basis of an assessment of the impacts.
An impact assessment methodology should follow these 5 STEPS
The IMO has agreed to start working on the development of a ban on the use and carriage of heavy fuel oil (HFO) as fuel by ships in Arctic waters. Such a ban would not prohibit the carriage of heavy grade oil in bulk as cargo, but would require ships sailing in the Arctic waters to use and carry non-HFO bunker fuels only. This would lead to a reduction of black carbon emissions and reduce costs and damages in case of an oil spill, but also impose additional costs on ship owners/operators that otherwise would have used and/or carried HFO bunkers or blends thereof for on-board combustion purposes.
WWF-Canada is advocating nationally and internationally for the phase out of both the use and carriage for use of heavy fuel oil in the Arctic, without driving up costs for northern and remote communities.
A Report by the Danish Ecological Council
This publication focuses on air pollution with CO₂, SO₂, NOx and fine/ultrafine particles from shipping, technical solutions, existing regulation, the need for further regulation and enforcement. The purpose is to inspire decision-makers and other key stakeholders to implement more ambitious regulation as well as enforcement to reduce air pollution from shipping to the benefit of shipping as a business, the climate, public health and nature.
Five briefing papers prepared by Bryan Comer PhD, The International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT)
The use of heavy fuel oil (HFO) as a marine fuel poses serious environmental and economic risks, especially in ecologically sensitive areas like the Arctic. Using HFO is risky not only because of potential fuel oil spills, but also because burning it produces harmful air and climate pollutants, including black carbon (BC). As ship traffic increases in the Arctic, the risk to the Arctic environment and its peoples will also increase.
These briefings look at HFO use by flag state, ship type, ship owner, cruise ships, fishing vessels in the IMO Polar Code Arctic, 2015.
To address the impact of ship Black Carbon (BC) emissions on the Arctic, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) has been tasked with developing a definition for black carbon, deciding on best methodology for measuring black carbon, and identifying abatement options. A considerable number of black carbon abatement options exist with varying reduction potential of BC emissions. Some are readily available, some in development, some expensive, some cheaper. This infographic goes through some of the most effective abatement options and depicts their advantages and drawbacks based on the most up to date scientific literature.
An ICCT report by Bryan Comer, Naya Olmer, Xiaoli Mao, Biswajoy Roy, and Dan Rutherford
Ships are an efficient way to move cargo, transporting approximately 80% of the world’s goods by volume, but ships also threaten human health, ecosystems, and the climate. This report focuses on the air and climate pollutant black carbon (BC). This report presents a bottom-up, activity-based global inventory of BC emissions, residual fuel use, and residual fuel carriage from commercial ships in the global fleet for the year 2015. In addition, the report analyzes the BC reduction potential of four technology scenarios: switching all ships from residual to distillate fuels; switching some ships from residual or distillate fuel to LNG; installing exhaust gas cleaning systems on ships; and installing diesel particulate filters (DPFs).
This document summarizes the key findings of a new International Council on Clean Transportation report titled Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Global Shipping, 2013-2015, as they relate to Black Carbon emissions
This document, submitted to the IMO (PPR 5/INF.7 29, November 2017)provides an update of a report submitted to BLG 17 on investigating appropriate control measures (abatement technologies) to reduce Black Carbon emissions from international shipping